Notes

• [1]
  J. Sumption, The Hundred Years War, I, Trial by Battle, Londres, 1990 ; II, Trial by Fire, 1999 ; III, Divided Houses, 2009 ; M. Jones, Ducal Brittany 1364-1399. Relations with England and France during the Reign of Duke John IV, Oxford, 1970, and Id., « Brest sous les Anglais, 1342-1397 », Les Cahiers de l’Iroise, t. XVI, 1969, p. 2-12 for earlier accounts.
• [2]
  M. Jones, Ducal Brittany…, op. cit. (n. 1), p. 152.
• [3]
  A. R. Bell, A. Curry, A. King and D. Simpkin, The Soldier in Later Medieval England, Oxford, 2013 and www.themedievalsoldier.org [cited simply here as Med. Soldier].
• [4]
  A. R. Bell et al., The Soldier…, op. cit. (n. 3), p. 152-157.
• [5]
  AD Loire-Atlantique, E 214/36, conveniently digitised at https://archives.loireatlantique.fr/44/archives-numerisées following the link to the Trésor des chartes des ducs de Bretagne.
• [6]
  Ibid., m. 1, « par mandement de Monseigneur » ; m. 2, « par vertu de mandement de monsr fors VI^c francz que monsr poia en XX tonn’ de vin ».
• [7]
  L. Delisle, Histoire du château et des sires de Saint-Sauveur-le-Vicomte, Valognes, 1867 is the classic account ; see also J. Sumption, Divided Houses…, op. cit. (n. 1), p. 218-238.
• [8]
  AD Loire-Atlantique, E 214/36 m. 2.
• [9]
  Walter Merston received a protection to serve in Gascony with the Black Prince on 21 December 1368 (T[he] N[ational] A[rchives]), C 76/81 m. 2) and he can be followed at Med. Soldier until at least 1388. Cressingham is probably Piers Cressingham, esquire, serving with Sir William Windsor in 1380 (TNA, E 101/39/7 n° 1 m. 1), who can also be followed from 1383 at Med. Soldier.
• [10]
  P. Contamine, Guerre, état et société à la fin du Moyen Âge. Études sur les armées des rois de France 1337-1494, Paris, 1972, p. 626-630 for comparable French wage rates.
• [11]
  AD Loire-Atlantique, E 214/36 m. 2, « Membrance que de la somme de cest quartier fut poié a gienz du Petit Chastel la somme de XI^xx XIX franz XII s. qui demourerent darein les compaignons de saint sauveur qui refuserent faire le serment a mons. et ne servirent mye lour quartier tout oultre ».
• [12]
  Archaeological work since M. Jones, Ducal Brittany…, op. cit. (n. 1), suggests that little now remains of any medieval work at Brest before the end of the fourteenth century (J.-Y. Besselièvre, P. Kernevez, « Le château de Brest », Mémoires de la Société d’Histoire et d’Archéologie de Bretagne, t. XC, 2012, p. 625-632).
• [13]
  A Stephen des armes occurs in ducal household accounts in 1378 (AD Loire-Atlantique, E 117/32 fol. 7v-8r).
• [14]
  Le Baquer in the first two lists before disappearing from later lists.
• [15]
  The name of the captain in the autumn of 1375 is uncertain. sir John Devereux had held the post in the previous June and may have still been doing so but there is no definite information until John Austin and John Lakingheath were sharing the duties in August 1376 (M. Jones, Ducal Brittany…, op. cit. (n. 1), p. 219).
• [16]
  This last Richard Clerk occurs as a clerk in the ducal household in exile in 1377-1378 (AD Loire-Atlantique, E 117 and 118 n° 50), and later became a ducal secretary, still signing letters as late as 18 November 1390 (E 162 n^os 32, 33). In 1385 as Mr Richard Clerc, together with Alain de Maigne, on a mission to negotiate with Richard II, he was robbed whilst staying at Honiton, Devon (TNA, SC 8/213/10648 and 10649 ; C 145/234/1a and 1b = Calendar of Inquisitions Miscellaneous, IV, 1377-1388, p. 167 n° 296).
• [17]
  20 tons of wine worth 600 francs ; the same amount would be accounted for in the following quarter but does not occur again.
• [18]
  J. Sherborne, War, Politics and Culture in Fourteenth-Century England, ed. A. Tuck, Londres, 1994, collects his pioneering papers on this theme including « The English Navy : Shipping and Manpower, 1369-1389 » (p. 29-40) and « The Costs of English Warfare with France in the Later Fourteenth Century » (p. 55-70).
• [19]
  J. Sumption, Divided Houses…, op. cit. (n. 1), p. 304-311 for Buckingham’s expedition.
• [20]
  This became obvious when all names were plotted out in full by quarter and anomalies occurred like the single use of a different forename but with an amount paid that fitted into the general profile for another man with the same surname.
• [21]
  M. Jones, Ducal Brittany…, op. cit. (n. 1), p. 104 n. 4, 111, 127 n. 2, 128 n. 3 and 151 and Med. Soldier for his career.
• [22]
  Jouhan Angous, Jouhan Comyn, Adam and William Scot, Jouhan Scotland.
• [23]
  Even de Gales, Howel, Griffin de Poul, Jouhan and Griffin Wales.
• [24]
  He was still at Brest in 1387 (TNA, C 1/3/5c).
• [25]
  Sanchet had arrived at Brest in Walter Merston’s company.
• [26]
  Veneguidi’s name was one of the few that the payments clerk had some uncertainty over, styling him on occasion Peneguidi or Reneguidi.
• [27]
  TNA, C 47/6/4 roll 8 m. 4.
• [28]
  A William Amyet and his valet visited John IV at Castle Rising, Norfolk, in October 1378 (AD Loire-Atantique, E 117/32, fol. 10v).
• [29]
  AD Loire-Atlantique, E 116 (Richmond) ; Rotuli Parliamentorum, ii, 572 (1406).