We know how Freud took care of the anthropological searches of its time. After these investigations, other works, in particular those of Mauss and Malinowski, emphasized facts which, more or less explicitly, obliged psychoanalysis to deepen, and to make, for example, of the Oedipus complex of the Western patriarchal family a particular case of a more general structure. This article tries to evaluate these contributions under the light of this structure. In our way to read with our concepts, we will isolate a certain number of facts, moreover known since a long time. Thus, we are trying to give them a “Freudian” readability.