The 5 March 2007’s reform regarding the child welfare is based on a misunderstanding. Presented as a law to organise the consideration of the children’s interest and the improvement of their supporting, it is actually a law which organises the diversion of the child welfare from an ideological presupposition : the precedence of the administrative contracting with the family. Precedence which efficiency in terms of respect to the children’s interest and protection has never been ascertained by an extended study. The misunderstanding is observable from the definition of the mission. Child welfare is a set of accompanying and supporting devices, which corresponds not to simple prospective difficulties which parents may encounter during the exercise of their responsibilities, but to situations where the child is facing accurate risks. Thereby the organisation of the support is now more complicated.