He explores them in various contexts, which this discussion helps to clarify: that of the Napoleonic period and its aftermath, when former officers took part in wars and liberal uprisings across Europe and Latin America, but also that of the Cold War and operations conducted since the 1960s, including those involving “soldiers of fortune,” particularly in Africa.

This discussion, moderated by André Loez, historian and producer of the podcast “Paroles d’histoire,” also provides an opportunity to examine the status of military history today, both within the military and in the academic world.

Walter Bruyère-Ostells is a professor of contemporary history at Sciences Po Aix and a specialist in military history.

This event explores Cerisy through the unique perspective of Édith Heurgon: the three eras she has lived through, from her childhood at the château, the daily routines that make the place unique, the major figures who shaped its intellectual history, and the forward-looking and European vocation of an institution oriented toward the future.

Édith Heurgon holds a Ph.D. in applied mathematics from the University of Paris VI. Since 2006, she has been the director of the International Cultural Center of Cerisy-la-Salle.

She notably co-hosted the series of symposia *Prospective d’un siècle à l’autre* with Josée Landrieu and co-edited the book *De Pontigny à Cerisy : des lieux pour « penser avec ensemble »* (Hermann, 2011).

Her work focuses on the foresight of the present, collective intelligence, and the role of places as catalysts for thought that cannot be reduced to conventional research formats.

Sophie Bessis looks back at the contrasting landscape of women in the Maghreb, between daily struggles and multiple resistances, while analyzing the redeployment of patriarchy in both discourse and practice. It looks at transgression as a space for creation and emancipation, but also as a form of endangerment, focusing on the renewed forms of the Maghreb feminist movement and its challenges. The meeting also opens the debate on the place and contributions of gender studies in Maghrebian contexts.

A discussion nourished by critical thinking, driven by feminist commitment and anchored in rigorous, committed reflection.

Sophie Bessis is a Franco-Tunisian historian and journalist with an agrégation in history. Born into a Jewish family steeped in Communist culture, she has developed a critical approach to major contemporary geopolitical issues.

Sophie Bessis is a French-Tunisian historian and journalist.

A former editor-in-chief of the magazine Jeune Afrique, she has also been involved in the activist field, notably as former Deputy Secretary General of the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH).

Author of some fifteen books, her work questions global power relations through the study of political economy, North-South relations, the status of women and the historical dynamics between the West and societies in the South.

In her most recent essay, she deconstructs the concept of "Judeo-Christian civilization", denouncing the political and ideological uses to which it is put.

This meeting is moderated by Hatem Bourial, journalist, writer and cultural mediator, and presented by Amira Zili.

The aim is to examine the reconfigurations of the objects, methods and temporalities of contemporary historical research. Particular attention is paid to memory drifts, ideological uses of history and the need for a critical framing of knowledge. Scientific vigilance and source verification are addressed as conditions for the legitimacy of historical discourse.

This meeting also analyzes the challenges of transmitting a distanced and informed reading of the past. History will be thought of as a critical tool in the face of contemporary simplifications and instrumentalizations.

Kmar Bendana is Professor Emeritus of Contemporary History at the University of La Manouba (Tunisia). She is also an associate researcher at the Institut de Recherche sur le Maghreb Contemporain (IRMC, Tunis) and a member of the editorial board of the journal IBLA.

Her work and teaching focus on the history of Tunisian political culture in the contemporary era. The history of the conditions of production of knowledge, of the university, of institutions, of magazines, of cinema is part of her working directions. Translation, co-lingualism and historiography in connection with the evolution of the human and social sciences devoted to Tunisia form objects of ongoing reflection for her.

Since 2011, Kmar Bendana has maintained a blog where it is possible to consult the list of her publications.

This meeting is moderated by Hatem Bourial, journalist, radio host, writer and cultural mediator and proposed by Amira Zili.