The practice of karate and the control of aggressiveness in prison
- By Jérôme Frigout,
- Renaud Laporte,
- Luc Collard,
- Translated from French to English by Pauline Le Bris
Pages 67 to 84
Cite this article
- FRIGOUT, Jérôme,
- LAPORTE, Renaud,
- COLLARD, Luc,
- Translated from French to English by LE BRIS, Pauline,
- Frigout, Jérôme.,
- et al.
- Frigout, J.,
- Laporte, R.,
- Collard, L.,
- Translated from French to English by Le Bris, P.
https://doi.org/10.3917/sta.112.0067
The different types of aggressiveness while practicing sports games
The illicit form of aggressiveness sanctioned by the game code is either oriented towards the completion of the task (instrumental aggressiveness) or non-operating and reserved for the expression of a dissatisfaction (affective aggressiveness): in both cases, it is psychologically relevant (related to frustrations, the stakes of a game, an aggressive behavior a priori, etc.). Licit aggressiveness, explicitly expected in the play contract, is relevant in a motor way: it consists either of gestures supporting motor action which are not sanctioned, or of motor actions in themselves (praxic aggressiveness) through praxemes (defining the tactic relations in opposition situations) and motor counter-communication (defining the technical relations in opposition situations).
The licit forms of aggressiveness used by karateka, whether convicts or club members. We can notice three distinct elements: licit praxic aggressiveness, licit kinesic aggressiveness, bows. The number of the practitioner is recorded and compared with the total number of practitioners in the session, the level of aggressiveness recorded for each item of observation, the number of total motor situations he/she was in, the possible level of illicit aggressiveness he/she displayed, whether he/she used it or not
Presentation of possible examples of evaluation criteria enabling to fill the observation grid. The examples target the forms of praxic and kinesic aggressiveness (launched actions “kiais”), as well as bows
Observations of all the launched actions expressed in “kihon,” alone or targeted, conventional or free attacks and in “kata,” for populations of convicts and club members of both sexes. They show significant disparities depending on the observed populations
Observations of all the “kiais” expressed in “kihon,” alone or targeted, in conventional or free attacks and in “kata,” for populations of convicts or club members of both sexes. They show significant disparities depending on the observed populations
Observations of all the bows performed before and after practices of “kihon,” alone or targeted, conventional or free attacks and “kata,” for populations of convicts or club members of both sexes. They show significant disparities depending on the observed populations
Emphasis on the significant disparities, between both the types of practitioners and the observed items. We can notice that convicts get significantly less involved in the forms of aggressiveness brought into karate practice than club members. The same is true regarding the practice of bows, for which convicts show less respect and consideration than club members