A political criticism of transhumanism: The bioconservatism of Francis Fukuyama

Francis Fukuyama is today considered one of the main bioconservatives. The American political scientist, who became known in the late 1980s and early 1990s with his thesis of “the end of history,” actually denounces any prospect of changing the biological foundations of man. He is therefore a convinced opponent of the transhumanist current. According to Fukuyama, human nature is a fundamental element of political order and triumph of liberal democracy. In fact, according to him, the transhumanist project of “Human enhancement” threatens the very future of liberal societies and risks therefore to get history started once again. In this context, there would therefore be only one possible solution that is the establishment of a strict control of biotechnologies. Despite its limitations, this Fukuyamian vision has become central within bioconservatism.